Research Report on China's Diabetes Drug Market, 2013-2017

(CRI-report) -Diabetes refers to a series of metabolic disorder syndrome such as sugars, proteins, fat, water and electrolyte that are triggered by islet dysfunction and insulin resistance, and the latter is caused by the actions of various pathogenic factors such as genetic factors, immune disorders, microbial infections and their toxins, free radical toxins, psychological factors on body. In recent years, with the development of China's economy and improvement in people's living standards, the incidence and morbidity rates of diabetes also present the increasing trend year by year.

In China, with the aggravation of aging degree, improvement in living standards and increase in obese groups caused by unhealthy lifestyles, the prevention and treatment of the disease are increasingly severe. Since China carried out the first survey on diabetes epidemiology in 1980, the morbidity rate of the disease increases from less than 1% then to about 10% currently. Following tumors and cardiovascular diseases, diabetes becomes the third-largest chronic disease severely threatening people's health. In 1994, diabetics only accounted for 2.5% of the population in China. This figure increased to 5.5% in 2002 and 9.7% in 2008.

In China, the diabetes morbidity rate of people aged above 20 has reached over 9.7%, and the morbidity rate of pre-diabetes (impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance) has reached 15.5%. In developed regions of China, diabetics in the rural population are far less than that in the urban population. However, the morbidity rate of pre-diabetes, i.e., impaired glucose regulation, in the rural population is higher than that in the urban population, whether in developed or economically-backward areas. In economically-developed regions, its morbidity rate of the urban population is 13.6%, and that of the rural population is 16.6%. In medium-developed regions, its morbidity rate of the urban population is 15.6%, and that of the rural population is 20%. This also shows that, with the development of economy and changes in lifestyles, the rural population are potential groups who are more likely to suffer from diabetes.

Drug treatment is the focus of the treatment of the disease. In addition to a small part of patients with type II diabetes which can be controlled through diet therapy and exercise therapy, the rest all need drug treatment. Diabetes drugs include Chinese patent drugs and western drugs, of which the latter is in a dominant position, while the former is in an auxiliary position in the treatment of diabetes.

With the increase in the morbidity rate, residents' income levels and medical levels, the market size of China's diabetes drugs rises year by year, which always presents a rapidly growing trend in recent years, reaching CNY 15.86 billion in 2011, with an increase of 18.2% YOY.

In China, insulin preparations are always leaders in diabetes drug market, and the market share grows year by year recently, reaching 37.75% in 2011, with promising market prospects. Acarbose ranked the second. Before 2010, the share declined year after year, which slightly rebounded in 2011. Market shares of other varieties are all very low, which cannot threaten the market positions of insulin preparations and Acarbose.

The market size of China's diabetes drugs is expected to maintain an annual growth rate of over 18% from 2013 to 2017.

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Angela Wang has published 57 articles. Article submitted on January 03, 2013. Word count: 533

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Research Report on China's Antifungal Drug Market, 2013-2017

(CRI-report) -Fungi are usually opportunistic pathogens for healthy human bodies. Under conditions of weakened organism resistance and bad external factors, it is likely to cause general or local fungal infections. In recent years, fungal infection cases tend to gradually increase in China, which is related to following factors to a certain extent:

(1)Patients in hospital for a long term caused by severe basic diseases or lots of combined diseases will reduce the immunologic function of organisms to easily cause fungal infection;

(2) the misuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics, large usage dosages, long usage periods, excessive varieties, etc. will damage internal microeubiosis and transform formerly-nonpathogenic fungi to dominant bacteria so as to induce fungal infection;

(3) the improper application of glucocorticoids inhibits immunity of organisms, damages defense system of organisms and promotes the growth of mildew, which causes iatrogenic fungal infection;

(4) patients, such as AIDS patients, with the low immunologic function lose resistance to fungi because of the decline in or losses of their own immunologic functions for many reasons.

Under conditions of weakened organism resistance and bad external factors, conditioned pathogenic fungi for human bodies are possible to cause general or local fungal infection. In addition, with the application of antifungal drugs, drug resistance of fungi increasingly strengthens, so it indicates a sharply rising trend for the clinical application of antifungal drugs.

Fungal infection can be divided into two categories: one is subcutaneous fungal infection, which is called as superficial fungal infection; the other is systemic fungal infection, called as deep fungus infection. Deep fungus infection drugs are always the driving force of the antifungal drug market, with the increasing market share year by year. It accounted for over 90% of the share of China's antifungal drug market in 2011, which was associated with the rising incidence of deep fungus infection and endless emergence of new drugs. As for share of each variety, China's top 5 antifungal drugs in 2011 were separately Voriconazole, Fluconazole, Caspofungin, Itraconazole and Micafungin, amounting to 88.54% of the market share. It is obvious to see the high concentration rate in the market. In recent years, the size of China's antifungal drug market always maintains the rapid increase, which reaches about CNY 7.1 billion in 2012, increasing by around 25.2% YOY.

In recent years, the misuse of broad-spectrum antibiotics, adrenocortical hormones and immunodepressants and the large application of invasive operations cause dysbacteriosis and declining resistance of organisms to fungi, which results in the increasing incidence of deep fungal infection day by day. In addition, fungi and human cells belong to eukaryotic cells. After the long-term administration, it is always considerably toxic for hosts. Meanwhile, drug-resistant strains of fungi for Fluconazole, Itraconazole, Voriconazole and Amphotericin B appear, with the increasing trend. Therefore, the antifungal treatment is extremely troublesome and new-type, powerful and safe antifungal drugs are urgently to be published. Moreover, with the application of antifungal drugs, drug resistance of fungi increasingly enhances, so it indicates a sharply rising trend for the clinical application of antifungal drugs.

It is expected that in coming years, the annual growth rate of market size of China's antifungal drugs will be over 20%. As for manufacturers, there are many opportunities.

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Research Report on China's Antithrombotic Drug Market, 2013-2017

(CRI-report) -Thrombosis refers to the formation of local blood clots. Among it, artery thrombosis can cause myocardial infarction, stroke, acute coronary syndrome, peripheral arterial diseases, etc.; venous thrombosis can cause pulmonary embolism. Arteriovenous thrombosis is the primary reason for incidence and death of cardiovascular diseases, which is also one of the important causes for death of cancer patients.

Nowadays, cardiac-cerebral thrombotic diseases (stroke and myocardial infarction) are severely threatening the life and health of the elderly worldwide. Cardiac-cerebral thrombotic diseases are called as the No.1 killer of the life and health of human beings currently. Cardiac-cerebral thrombotic diseases are characterized by high incidence rate, mortality rate and disability rate as well as suddenness. Since the reform and opening up, because of the continuous improvement in people's living standards as well as the rise in aging trend, the incidence rate of cardiac-cerebral thrombotic diseases continuously rises in China. According to statistics, the proportion of people dying from cardiac-cerebral thrombotic diseases already exceeds 70% in the dead aged above 60 in China's large cities. At present, the morbidity and mortality rates of cardiac-cerebral thrombotic diseases in China are higher than that in some developed countries. In addition, patients tend to be increasingly young.

It is reported that at present, over 7 million patients suffer from acute cardiac-cerebral thrombotic diseases (stroke and myocardial infarction) in China annually. Among them, nearly half of the patients die; in survival patients, nearly two-thirds of them are maimed or completely lose self-care ability of daily living. Cardiac-cerebral thrombotic diseases cause not only pain to patients but also huge economic burdens to their families.

Antithrombotic drugs are used for the prevention and treatment of thromboembolic diseases, with the emphasis on prevention. Clinically, they are mainly used for the treatment and prevention of acute myocardial infarction and stroke embolism, which can reduce rates of re-infarction and mortality; they can be used for the prevention of heart valve replacement surgery postoperative thrombosis and the treatment of occlusive peripheral vascular diseases, intermittent claudication, unstable angina pectoris, etc. At present, the fast-growing indication is the prevention of deep vein thrombosis after orthopedic surgeries (such as knee and hip replacement surgeries as well as abdominal surgery).

Antithrombotic drugs are divided into anticoagulants, anti-platelet aggregation drugs and thrombolytic drugs. The overall market size of China's antithrombotic drugs is small, but it rapidly grows in recent years. The market growth rate was consecutively over 20% from 2006 to 2012. The market size of hospital-use antithrombotic drugs reaches CNY 9.92 billion in 2012, with an increase of 21.9% YOY.

As the population further aging in China, on one hand, the incidence rate of vascular embolic diseases rises year by year; on the other hand, surgeries such as the interventional treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular rapidly develop. The synchronous follow-up of anti-freezing, anti-platelet and lowering the blood lipid treatment after the stent surgery, promotes the capacity expansion of China's antithrombotic drug market. The market size of China's hospital-use antithrombotic drugs is expected to be over CNY 20 billion in 2017.

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Research Report on China's Urban Rail Transit Industry, 2013-2017

(CRI-report) -The development of urban rail transit solves the contradiction between distance and time for long-distance transport in working life. In addition, it improves the life quality of residents and promotes the formation of rational layout of cities. In China's history, the first urban rail transit was built in Nanjing in the 1930s, which was dismantled for various reasons later after the PRC was established. The first urban rail transit (subway) in the PRC history was established in Beijing in the 1960s. After the reform and opening up, especially since the 21st century, the pace of China's urban rail transit construction accelerates. From 2002 to the end of 2012, the number of cities with urban rail transit operation lines increased from 5 to 15 in China. By the end of 2012, the operation line length of urban rail transit established and in operation is over 1,700 km in China.

The experience of developed countries shows that, the track transit is an effective way to solve the urban traffic congestion, which also improves the living environment of citizens. On one hand, the development of track transit leads to the continuous expansion of city limits. Because of the construction of track transit, people will gather in peri-urban areas where the original population density is relatively low, and the real estate market and various commercial service facilities are constantly improved thereby. On the other hand, with the improvement in urban track transit facilities, it is more convenient for residents living in urban areas to reach suburbs and enjoy the quiet suburban life and natural environment; it is easier for people living in suburbs to arrive at the downtown and enjoy various public cultural and commercial facilities such as stadiums, libraries and shopping malls.

In the context of continuously accelerated urbanization pace in China currently, quickening the construction of rail transit will be conducive to speeding up this process. For example, in September 2012, Shanghai announced to establish the Jinshan Railway which connects the downtown with Jinshan suburbs, with a total length of 56 km. Known as city-region railway, the speed (160 km/h) of this novel traffic mode is between that of high-speed rail (250 km/h) and subway (with the highest of 80 km/h). It can connect with trunk lines of the national railway as well as transfer to the subway, playing an excellent role in improving the urban rail transit network and enriching traffic ways of citizens.

As the critical infrastructure, the construction of urban rail transit needs sustainably massive investment. According to relevant estimates, every CNY 100-million investment in this field will drive the GDP to increase by about CNY 260 million and bring out thousands of jobs, possessing very obvious boost effects on economic development. In addition, indirect effects on the economic and social development are immeasurable. For example, it can reduce the land occupation, lessen environmental pollution and fully utilize underground space.

By the end of 2012, the Chinese government has approved the short-term construction planning of 34 cities, which aggregately includes 177 projects, 141 lines, 4,382-kilometer mileage and CNY 2-trillion investments. It is expected that by 2020, there will be nearly 50 cities developing rail transit in China, and the total network scale will be over 7,000 km, covering major cities in China. As for infrastructure, equipment manufacture and operation enterprises, there are many investment opportunities in China's urban rail transit industry.

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Angela Wang has published 57 articles. Article submitted on December 12, 2012. Word count: 568

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